Vertebroplasty is a minimally invasive procedure used to treat vertebral compression fractures, typically caused by osteoporosis or trauma. The patient lies on their stomach or back, and the skin is cleansed and numbed with a local anesthetic. Using fluoroscopic guidance, a small needle is inserted into the fractured vertebra. A bone cement mixture, usually made of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), is injected directly into the fractured area, stabilizing the bone and providing pain relief. The cement hardens quickly, restoring strength and stability to the vertebra. The procedure typically takes about an hour.